Explore the challenges facing fusion research

Nuclear fusion is the process by which atomic nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei, releasing vast amounts of energy in the process. Describe the conditions necessary for nuclear fusion to occur, such as high temperatures and pressures found in stars like the Sun. Discuss the different fusion reactions that power stars, including the proton-proton chain and the CNO cycle, as well as experimental efforts to achieve controlled fusion on Earth for energy generation. Explore the challenges facing fusion research, such as plasma confinement and energy conversion, and the potential of fusion as a clean and abundant source of power for the future.