Discuss the process of action potential propagation along a neuron

Discuss the process of action potential propagation along a neuron, from initiation to transmission at the synapse. Begin by explaining how a stimulus depolarizes the neuron’s membrane, reaching the threshold potential and initiating an action potential. Elaborate on the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels and the influx of sodium ions, leading to depolarization, followed by the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels and efflux of potassium ions, leading to repolarization. Next, describe how the action potential travels down the axon via saltatory conduction in myelinated neurons or continuous conduction in unmyelinated neurons. Finally, detail the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, their binding to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, and the propagation of the signal to the next neuron